Tool handle



Oct. 19 1926. 1,603,771

M. HoKANsoN TOOL HANDLE.

Filed Sept. 5, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 T' TURA/EY@ [NVE/VTOR Oct, 19 1926. 1,603,771

M. HOKANSON TOOL HANDLE Filed Sept. 5, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 [N VEA/TOR /Y/'HR T/'N Hoff/VMS 0N Fla. 7 BY HTToRA/EY'S Patented Oct. 19, 1926. i

UNITED stares MARTINHOKANSON?, or Dunn-'rm MINNESOTA, AssIGNoR 'ro MARSHALL-WELLS Colvi- :PANYL or'nnnn'rrr, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

TOOL l HAN-DLE.

Application fuea september 5, 1922i serial Nb. seriale.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved screw-driver shank and ic'rrule' with provision for transmitting a twisting' strain on the handle directly andy positively to the shank ofl the tool.

A further object is to provide a tool handle having such a connection With the shank ofthe tool that the endof the' handle is adapted to receive the impact" resulting from a blow` of' a hammer, as when the tool is used` as a chisel, or for prying purposes,

Without any damageresultingto thev handle or the tool, or the handle becoming loosened on the shank, or the teol'becoming' unhttedy by such=use for the purpose for Whichit was normally intended.

A* further object is to provide a tool handle in Whichprovision is made forthe direct transmission of the blowV or impact of a hammer through the handle and shank to the end or edge of the tool.

A further object is to provide improvedmeansfor protecting. the ends of' the'handle andY preventing injury thereto when the' outerend is4 struck by a hammeror' other' tool. j l 4 Aind a still.' further object i'sto provide a handle. having an improved grippingv sur'- faceto the endl'that it vv'ill not sli'pfin the hand of the user, butl may be" easily and securely held in any position andI for any.

use to which the` tool is subjected.

Other objects ofthe invention- Will appear from the following detailed descrip'-Y tion.

-In the accompanying. drawings forming' partv of' this specification,

Figure 1 is a-.longitudinal sectional view* through the handle of a screw-driver illustrating my' invention applied thereto.

Figure Q'illust'rates the invention applied Figure 7 ,is a vievv partially in sectionA illustrating theV invention applied to a screw-driver' adapted for the use of elec-e tricians.

Figure 8 shows a form of' handle corre-I sponding to Figure 3 but W1th"1ts`outerend` hexagonal in cross-section.

Figure 9 isa view of a cap hexagonal in cross-section to iit the handle' shown' in Figure S'. j

Figure 110 illustratesa frusto-conicalform of' cap to lit' the conical end of a handle.

In the drawing, 2 represents the shank of a screw-driver terminat'ing'at one' end, inthe usual Wedge-shaped portion, for'nentering' theslot in the head of a sereW.' The shank of the screw-driver Will have a spring temper so thatitl can beusedfor prying purposesA as in openingv boxesand the like; and

when the ends of thehandle are strengthened andl protected' as herein proposed, the tool maybe struck severe blows Without injury to any partv of the tool and subjected to rough usage such as' Would utterly. ruin a screw-driver as ordinarily made. The userV may easily put'aI chisel edge onV the tool to` adapt" itfor' metal o'r Wood-cuttingpurposes.

3l isl a 'ferrule that is fermed integrally With the shank in any' Way, preferably by? forging. This ferr'nle li'asa socket' 4 therein that is-taper'ed gradually, decreasing in area from itsrouter' towards its inner end,

and; polygonal" in ,cross-section', having three or more side Walls against Whi'chthe end of the tool handle is seated.

The ferrule forged on the shank7 by an improved process becomesV integral therewith and the Walls ofits socket notY onl n serve to protect the inner end of the handle,

preventing it-'vfromr splitting or chipping, but'also absorb the shocks or impacts resulting from blowsl on the outer end,v of the handle, and transmit such shocks directly to theshank ofthe tool. This integral ferrule with its inside polygonal'cross-section socketV serves also as a means toprevent the handle from-twisting or turning on the shank and eliminates the necessity of puncturng and weakening the shank for the insertion ofl ay ferrule-locking pin. That portion of the shank supportingA the ferrule is therefore fully as strong as any other part,- andthe ferr'ule not only transmits the twist-ing strain of the handle directly to the screwrecess in the i'errule concentric with the' shank 2, forming a continuation thereof and preferably oi smaller diameter.

A handle .6 of suitable material, preferably wood, has a tapered portion 7 formed on one end to lit into the socket l in the terrule, a square shoulderl S being` provided at the point ot' intersection ot the main portion of the handle with the part 7 to contact with the end of the terrule and be seated firmly thereon, transn'iitting downward pressure from the'handle toftherferrule, and 'from thence to the shank ol the tool.

lt is desirable to provide as much bearing,T suriace Vas possible between the handle and the ferrule, and this is accomplished by the form of the socket in the terrule, and the 'provision of the shoulder on the end oit/the `handle contacting with the end walls of the errule, and the abutting,` ends o't' the errule and handle will be drawn snugly together by the upsetting of Athe outer end of the spindle. V y A The upper end of the wooden handle is preferably provided lwith a reduced end portion l) anda shoulderlO, adapted to receive a hollow terminal cap or button 1l, apertured to receive the end of the' spindle 5. This cap may be ot' any suitable material, but l prefer tomake it out of tool steel and harden'itso that it cannot be defaced 'by ordinary service. The'function of this cap is to provide a protection for the wooden handle when subjected to hammer blows or other rough usage, to which tools o'l this kind are frequently subjected.k Y

lt will be noted that this cap hasV abroad bearing` surface on the outer end of the handle to distribute theimpact of a blow evenly thereon, and the outer surface of the cap is rounded and smoothed so vthat it will i'it the? palmY of the hand-having` no projections or sharpedges to injure the user.

I also prefer to form the-,wooden handle 6 with a plurality ot flat surfaces l2, as indi! cated in Figurei, thus, providing a handle which may be conveniently gripped by the hand, and, also one formed to provide sullicient resistance to the palm of the hand to prevent it rtrom slipping thereon, when the handle is held with a reasonably firm grip.

To assemble this novel tool handle the spindle 5 is inserted into the longitudinal aperture provided in the wooden handle G until the upper edge of the ferrule 3 engages the shoulder 8 of the handle, The cap l1 is then placed upon the reduced portion 9 of the handle with its lower edge engagingr the shoulder l0, the terminal end of the spindle passing' through the aperture provided in the cap. The end of the spindle, beingfairly soft, is then upset or headed and inished oli, as shown in Figure l, thus, presenting a smooth rounded end, which will lit the hand and nia 1 be struck a severe blow by a hammer wit iout injury to the tool.

" rlhe aperture in the cap 1l, I prefer to make rectangular in cross-section, preferably square as indicated in Figure 6, so that when the end of the spindle is thrust through this aperture and headed, the metal in the spindle, assuming that it is round in cross-section, will spread out and lill the square opening, and bearingon the walls thereof will resist a twisting' ystrain on the cap. Of course, the end or the spindle may be formed to fit the cap in the iirst instance, but a round spindle is a little more convenient to make, and when the'end is upsetor headed, the metal will spread out and lill the aperture and bear lirmly on the walls thereof.

l have shown the aperture as square, but of course, it may be made in any other convenient torni against the wall of which the spindle may beseated, and as indicated in Figure l, the aperture in the cap will be tapered so that the cap will be locked on the spindle when the end thereof is headed.

It willibe noted with reference to Figure 3, that the inner face of the cap 1l engages Vthe square or rusto-pyranndal end portion 9 ot' the handle, and transmits the twisting` strain thu-e to the cap, ot course, being fashioned to lit the flattened end surfaces shown in this instance as square in crosssection.

tweenv the hand and the metal partof the tool is desirable. y ,sists' in providing a shorter' spindle 5a, eX-

This modiication contending only partially through the handle of the tool. rl`he outer surface of the handle is provided with a series of flattened gripping` surfaces as described, and the outer end is rounded to tit the palm of the hand as indicated at 5b. llVith this form of tool the twistingstrain will 'be transmitted through the wooden part of the handle to the end that is seatedin the integral ferrule on the shank; the hand of the user being thoroughly insulated while the screwdriver is in use.

In Figure 8, the outer end oli' the handle is shown provided with a series of tapered surfaces Qa, and this portion of the handle may be frusto-pyramidal or polygonal in cross-section. ln this illustration, l have shown the part hexagonal in form.

In Figure 9, a cap 9d having an hexagonal inner surface 9e, is shown adapted to tit the end of the handle shown in Figure 8. YV hen this type of cap is used, the twisting strain will be transmitted from the handle to the cap, and from thence to the spindle and the shank. It Will be understood of course, that this cap and the end of the handle may be square in cross-section, as shown in Figures l and 3 or provided with any suitable number of faces. The function of the frusto-pyramidal, or polygonal form being to present flattened surfaces to the twisting strain imparted to the handle by the user, and to positively transmit such strain to the shank of the tool Without any waste of effort or lost motion in the handle.

Figure l0 illustrates a capy 9b having a frusto-conical surface 9c in which the resistance to the turning of the cap would be dependant upon the frictional contact of the inner surface thereof with the handle. Both of these caps may have polygonal apertures if preferred.

I have shown this invention applied to different types of screw-drivers and one type of edged tool, but it will be understood that the saine idea may be embodied in handles for a great variety of tools. l do not, therefore, Wish to be confined to the specific applications of the invention as herein shown and described.

l claim as my invention:

l. A tool comprising a shank, an integral ferrule thereon having a socket therein, a spindle projecting from one end of said being upset or headed therein to conform to and fit snugly against the walls of said orifice.

2. A tool comprising a ferrule having a tapered socket therein, a spindle projecting through saidsocket from o-ne end of said ferrule, a tool shank integral with said ferrule and projecting from the other end thereof, a handle having an end tapered to fit the socket in said ferrule, and also having a bore to receive said spindle, a cap having a rounded outer surface, and a tapered socket in its under surface to receive the correspondingly-shaped outer end of said handle, said cap having a flared orifice therethrough through which the outer end of said spindle projects and wherein said spindle is endwise upset and made to conform to the shape of said orifice, and the handle is forcibly compressed between the said ferrule and through said cap.

ln witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 22nd day of August, 1922.

MARTIN HoKAinoN.y 

